Seeing Well Without Contact Lenses And Glasses Is The Dream Of Million

Seeing well without contact lenses and glasses is the dream of millions of Americans and modern medical science has enabled that dream to come true (Caster, 8). Since first grade, Dede Head, a 30-year-old fitness trainer in North Carolina, has worn glasses to correct sever nearsightedness and astigmatism. Over the years she became accustomed to wearing glasses and contacts, but this has limited many important aspects of her life, including sports. She then heard of a laser eye surgery that "supposedly", helped to correct a person's vision by means of lasers. She immediately signed up for the procedure and ever since that day, she has not worn glasses or contacts. Dede is just one of the eight hundred-fifty-thousand people who have undergone a procedure by the name of LASIK or Laser In-Situ Keratomileusis. If surgical procedures were movies, LASIK would be this years box office smash as it has received much media coverage and many praises; however, not that many people know what LASIK is, what the advantages and disadvantages are, and most importantly if LASIK is right for them (Buratto, 1). LASIK is basically a type of laser surgery which can help correct nearsightedness (myopia), which is the inability to see distant objects, farsightnedness (hyperopia), which is the inability to see close, and astigmatism, the inability to focus light waves evenly. LASIK has grown greatly in the last year, mostly because of 4 reasons; it is fast (procedure takes about 5-10 minutes), safe, painless, and the results are almost always prolific. The eye is just like a camera because it works by focusing light waves that pass through it. Light rays that enter the eye must first pass through the most outer layer of the eye called the cornea. The cornea performs 2/3 of the focusing process, the remainder of is then completed by the crystalline lens which further focuses the light on the retina. This requires extreme precision in that the focused light must fall exactly at the level of the retina (Gallo, 126). The retina is a nerve tissue that carpets the inner surface of the eye, much like wallpaper covers all aspects of a wall. The retina converts the light into electrical signals, which are transmitted to the brain by the optic nerve. Just as a camera cannot produce clear photographs of the image if the incoming light is not focused on the film, we cannot produce a clear vision if the cornea and crystalline lens do not focus the light precisely on the retina. This is where LASIK steps in. A laser is a device that creates a very special kind of light energy that is usually invisible to the human eye (Caster, 16). In LASIK, ophthalmologists use a certain type of laser called the excimer. By using invisible ultraviolet light, the excimer is able to break covalent bonds between molecules. What sets excimer aside from other lasers used in medicine is the wavelength used. At one-hundred ninety-three nm (nanometers), excimer lasers remove tissue by breaking the covalent without creating much thermal energy (Slade, 25). This allows for precise removal of tissue with minimal surrounding tissue damage. The very thin layer of the cornea that is removed, changes the curvature of the cornea ever so slightly, thus then results in a change in the light focusing ability. In nearsightedness (myopia), light rays from distant objects are not focused on the retina, but instead they are focused in front of the retina (See Figure 1). Therefore to correct nearsightedness in a LASIK procedur e, the curvature of the cornea must be decreased or in another words made flatter by removing corneal tissue in a disc-shaped pattern, or from the central cornea. A computer determines the exact pattern and number of pulses that are needed to do this. In farsightedness (hyperopia), light rays from distant objects are focused not onto the retina, but behind it (See Figure 1). To correct this, the central portion of the cornea must be made steeper; and this is accomplished by removing corneal tissue in a donut shaped pattern, or in another words more from the peripheral areas. Eyes with astigmatisms focus light waves unevenly because of the irregular shape of the cornea; football shaped as opposed

French Verbs That Take Être as Auxiliary Verb

French Verbs That Take Être as Auxiliary Verb An auxiliary verb, or helping verb, is a conjugated verb used in front of another verb in compound tenses in order to indicate the mood and tense of the verb. In French, the auxiliary verb is either avoir or à ªtre. All French verbs are classified by which auxiliary verb they take, and they use the same auxiliary verb in all compound tenses. Most French verbs use avoir, fewer use  Ãƒ ªtre.  The following is a list of verbs (and their derivatives) that require à ªtre: aller  Ã‚  to goarriver  Ã‚  to arrivedescendre  Ã‚  to descend / go downstairsredescendre  Ã‚  to descend againentrer  Ã‚  to enterrentrer  Ã‚  to re-entermonter  Ã‚  to climbremonter  Ã‚  to climb againmourir  Ã‚  to dienaà ®tre  Ã‚  to be bornrenaà ®tre  Ã‚  to be reborn, born again)partir  Ã‚  to leaverepartir  Ã‚  to leave againpasser  Ã‚  to passrester  Ã‚  to stayretourner  Ã‚  to returnsortir  Ã‚  to go outressortir  Ã‚  to go out againtomber  Ã‚  to fallretomber  Ã‚  to fall againvenir  Ã‚  to comedevenir  Ã‚  to becomeparvenir  Ã‚  to reach, achieverevenir  Ã‚  to come again, come back These are all intransitive verbs that communicate a certain kind of movement. You do get used to these verbs over time and one day youll be able to sense whether to use à ªtre or avoir without even having to think about it.  1. In addition to the above, all pronominal verbs use à ªtre as the auxiliary verb:  Ã‚  Ã‚   Je me suis levà ©.  Ã‚  I got up.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il sest rasà ©.  Ã‚  He shaved.2. For all verbs conjugated with à ªtre, the past participle has to agree with the subject in gender and number in all of the compound tenses ( learn more):  Ã‚  Ã‚   Il est allà ©.  Ã‚  He went.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Elle est allà ©e.  Ã‚  She went.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Ils sont allà ©s.  Ã‚  They went.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Elles sont allà ©es.  Ã‚  They went.3. Verbs are conjugated with à ªtre because they are intransitive (have no direct object). However, six of these verbs can be used transitively (with a direct object), and when this happens, they need avoir as the auxiliary verb. Mnemonic Devices for Learning tre Verbs: Dr and Mrs Vandertramp There are  certain French verbs  which require  Ãƒ ªtre  as the auxiliary verb in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  and other compound tenses, and students sometimes have a hard time remembering them. There are 14 common verbs plus numerous derivatives which take  Ãƒ ªtre, and their derivatives usually do too. For example,  entrer  is an  Ãƒ ªtre  verb, as is its derivative  rentrer. Generally speaking, all of the verbs indicate a particular kind of movement, either literal or figurative - lesson on à ªtre verbs.   Intransitive verbs One very important thing to remember is that verbs only use  Ãƒ ªtre  when they are intransitive (do not have a direct object): Je suis passà © huit heures  vs  Jai passà © la maison.Je suis montà © avant lui  vs  Jai montà © la valise. I can promise you that eventually you will instinctively know which verbs take  Ãƒ ªtre, but in the meantime, you might want to try one of these mnemonic devices.   La Maison dtre The French teach  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs with a visual:  La Maison dà ªtre. Draw a house with a door, stairs, windows, etc. and then label it with the  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs. For example, put someone on the stairs going up (  monter) and another going down (  descendre).There are three acronyms that are commonly used to remember  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs. Strangely, none of them includes  passer, which is an  Ãƒ ªtre  verb when used intransively.   DR MRS VANDERTRAMP This is perhaps the most popular mnemonic device for  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs in the United States. Personally, I find DR MRS VANDERTRAMP redundant since it includes some derivatives, but if it works for you, go for it. DevenirRevenirMonterResterSortir VenirAllerNaà ®treDescendreEntrerRentrerTomberRetournerArriverMourirPartir ADVENT Each letter in ADVENT stands for one of the verbs and its opposite, plus one extra verb, for a total of thirteen. Arriver - PartirDescendre - MonterVenir - AllerEntrer - SortirNaà ®tre - MourirTomber - ResterRetourner DRAPERS VAN MMT13 Each letter in DRAPERS VAN MMT stands for one of the 13 verbs. DescendreResterAllerPartirEntrerRetournerSortir VenirArriverNaà ®tre MourirMonterTomber -13  total verbs Tips From Teachers On the  Profs de franà §ais forum, some teachers stated that acronyms dont work - their students remember the letters, but not the verb each one signifies. So they use music or poetry to help students learn and remember à ªtre verbs: 1.  I have the students sing the  past participles  of the verbs to the tune of Ten Little Indians. Its a good way to remember which verbs take  Ãƒ ªtre, plus it helps them remember the irregular past participles: allà ©, arrivà ©, venu, revenu,entrà ©, rentrà ©, descendu, devenu,sorti, parti, restà ©, retournà ©,montà ©, tombà ©, nà © et mort. 2.  I have my students memorize the verbs in a specific order: the 8 -er verbs, which they can learn in about 2 minutes in class. Next is  descendre, because its the opposite of  monter. Then the -ir verbs, the  venir  family, and the beginning and end of life.  Passer par  brings up the grand finale. Most classes can learn them all in less than 5 minutes. And then I put it all together into a little poem: Aller, arriver, entrer, rentrer, rester, retourner, tomber, monter,descendre,partir, sortir,venir, devenir, revenir,naà ®tre, mourir, et passer par.Ces dix-sept verbes sont conjuguà ©s avec le verbe à ªtre au passà © composà ©. Yà ©Ã‚  ! Sometimes I do it in a sing-song voice or rap it. Ive been known to put on a pair of shades; it seems to make an impression and get them all into it. My students seem to be able to remember this order with no difficulty whatsoever, and I see them scanning their quizzes, silently reciting the order of verbs, marking an asterisk next to the ones that need  Ãƒ ªtre, and being quite successful. When I have had those students in more advanced classes through the years, they have remembered my formula. If they slip, all it takes is a gentle reminder:  Aller, arriver...  and to have them all join in to reinforce the verbs. Ive run into students many years later who could still recall them all and wanted to recite them for me. tre Verbs Used Transitively Verbs that require  Ãƒ ªtre  in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  and other compound tenses are intransitive - that is, they have no direct object. But some of them can be used transitively (with a  direct object), and when this happens, these verbs need  avoir  as the helping verb. In addition, there is a slight change in meaning. descendre Il est descendu.  - He went down(stairs).Il a descendu lescalier.  - He went down the stairs.Il a descendu la valise.  - He took the suitcase down. monter Il est montà ©.  - He went up(stairs).Il a montà © la cà ´te.  - He went up the hill.Il a montà © les livres.  - He took the books up. passer Je suis passà © devant le parc.  - I went by the park.Jai passà © la porte.  - I went through the door.Jai passà © une heure ici.  - I spent an hour here. rentrer Je suis rentrà ©.  - I came home.Jai rentrà © les chaises.  - I brought the chairs inside. retourner Elle est retournà ©e en France.  - She has returned to France.Elle a retournà © la lettre.  - She returned / sent back the letter. sortir Elle est sortie.  - She went out.Elle a sorti la voiture  - She took the car out. Repeating French Auxiliary Verbs - Avoir and tre When using more than one verb in the  passà © composà ©Ã‚  or another compound tense, you can - but do not always have to - repeat the auxiliary verb in front of each past participle. Whether you have to repeat the auxiliary depends on whether the main verbs take the same auxiliary verb. If they are all  avoir  verbs, all  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs, or all pronominal verbs, you dont need to include the auxiliary in front of each one. Verbs With the Same Auxiliary When you want to say I ate and drank, you need to consider the auxiliary verb that  manger  and  boire  require. Since they both take  avoir, you can leave off the auxiliary from the second verb: Jai mangà © et bu Or you can repeat the auxiliary, with or without the subject pronoun:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Jai mangà © et ai bu orJai mangà © et jai bu To say I left at noon and got home at midnight, you need  Ãƒ ªtre  for both verbs, so you dont need to repeat the auxiliary: Je suis parti midi et rentrà © minuit But you can also say: Je suis parti midi et suis rentrà © minuit  or  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Je suis parti midi et je suis rentrà © minuit The same basic rule applies when youre using only pronominal verbs, as in I got up and got dressed:  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Je me suis levà © et habillà ©. However, if you want to repeat the auxiliary of  pronominal verbs, you must also repeat the  reflexive pronoun: Je me suis levà © et me suis habillà ©Je me suis levà © et je me suis habillà ©xxx  Je me suis levà © et suis habillà ©Ã‚  xxx Verbs With Different Auxiliaries When you have a sentence with verbs that need different auxiliaries, or with a mix of pronominal and non-pronominal verbs, you are required use the various auxiliaries in front of each verb. You may also repeat the  subject pronoun:   I worked and went to the bank. Jai travaillà © et suis allà © la banqueJai travaillà © et je suis allà © la banque I got up and went downstairs. Je me suis levà © et suis descenduJe me suis levà © et je suis descendu He ate, left, and went to bed early. Il a mangà ©, est parti et sest couchà © tà ´tIl a mangà ©, il est parti et il sest couchà © tà ´t​ Verbs With Some of the Same Auxiliaries If you have some  verbs with one auxiliary  and some verbs with another, you can still drop the shared auxiliaries when they are alone in the clause (that is, when the clause has only  avoir  verbs,  Ãƒ ªtre  verbs, or pronominal verbs): On a dansà © et chantà ©, et puis (on) est allà © une autre boà ®te We danced and sang, and then went to another club  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As-tu fait ton lit et nettoyà © ta chambre, ou tes-tu douchà © et habillà ©Ã‚  ? Did you make your bed and clean your room, or did you take a shower and get dressed?   When in doubt... Remember that its never wrong to repeat the auxiliary verb (though overdoing it can make your French sound a bit stilted). But it is wrong not to use the different auxiliaries if you have different types of verbs.

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business Assignment

Ethical and Socially Responsive Business - Assignment Example As the paper highlights  executives and managers who have served the company with devotion are supposed to avoid ethical breaches. These ethical breaches might involve money or secret information  as it is also a part of ethical behavior as well. For the cheesecake factory’s code of ethical conduct, the second most important key area of significant importance is â€Å"Compliance with company policies and Procedures† which is all about that the company’s confidential information should be kept as a secret. It is necessary to hide the special recipes and other information to get success or to get a competitive advantage. Under this article of the code of ethical conduct, the other main key factor is prohibiting of insider trading.This discussion stresses that  the cheesecake factory should take some key steps in order to ensure that the employees of their company must follow the policies and code of ethical conduct. From the beginning of the working, it is go od to give awareness regarding the policies and code of conduct. To maintain all these rules and regulation there must be a single department should be working on it, which handles these kinds of issues before arising of any problem.   The other thing, which they can do, is to have the signed paper of the terms and condition or code of conduct when employee is being hired and keep a record of each signed paper by the employee in the employee file.

Mahasweta Devi, Breast-Giver Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mahasweta Devi, Breast-Giver - Essay Example And, there is a proportion among writers who bring these situations and incidents into a written form, using the realistic or fictionalized version of the real life happenings as the base, particularly the ‘injuring’ or distressing aspects. Mahasweta Devi is one such writer, who has used the culture, events etc prevailing in India, particularly the distressing and disturbing happenings in her home state of West Bengal in her works. So, in this paper I will focus on Mahasweta Devi, her life, her works and what will be the contents of my presumed interaction with her. Mahasweta Devi presently lives in Kolkatta (the new name of Calcutta). Apart from being an accomplished Indian writer, she is also a social worker, involving herself in many worthwhile causes and thus travels to many parts of West Bengal and throughout India. So, I planned to reach Kolkatta by air and from the airport, based on Devi’s current work or location, I will make the trip by road or train. Before boarding my flight, I researched about Devi through internet and books, and got a lot of information about her life and her works. So, onboard the flight to Kolkatta, based on the information, I set my thought process into action and tried to form the questions I will ask Devi, topics for our conversation etc, etc. As, I want the interaction with Devi to be smooth, fruitful, engaging and beneficial, I formed certain questions and topics based on the research. Firstly, I plan to ask Devi about her early days in erstwhile East Bengal and whether the partition of India and Paki stan had any impact on her life. Devi was actually born in Dacca, in what is now Bangladesh. Being a Hindu, she and her family moved into West Bengal in India at the time of partition of India and Pakistan. That is, as British gave freedom to India in 1947, they divided mainland India, into India and Pakistan, with Hindu majority areas staying with India and Muslim majority areas going to

Motivation for Crusades Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Motivation for Crusades - Essay Example The Moslems themselves kept the routes open to Christians, and the Byzantine Empire safe, until 1071, when Seljuk Turks took the lands, and persecuted Christians on the way. Lost land, religious conflict, and internal pressures were the background to Western Europe's initiation of the Crusades. R.W. Southern notes that "The worsening position of the Eastern Empire, and the genuine desire of some to save it: the even more potent though secret desire of others to profit by its disintegration; the dim realization that Islam constituted athreat to Christendomsome hoped to be saved by going; others didn't care if they were damned so long as they found new fields for profit and adventure. There was something in the Crusades to appeal to everyone." (Southern, 56) The crusades were, as Riley-Smith states "A holy war fought against those perceived to be external or internal foes of Christendom for the recovery of Christian property or in defence of the church or Christian people" (Riley-Smith, 1987, xxviii). This was certainly the overt motivation for the first Crusade, as initiated by Pope Urban II in November of 1095. This Crusade had a peculiar beginning, and Riley-Smith has made extensive note of this: "Few nobles turned up, and the theatre must have been riskyeven so, his appeal for knights to liberate Jerusalem struck a chord in western society" (Riley Smith, 1995). Urban openly declared "'Dieu le veult' - 'God wills it!'" (Bishop, 105); for many hearing the religious leader of the Western World declaring God's Will, the Crusades must have seemed to be a religious duty. In considering why this speech made such an impression, it should not be forgotten that the majority of Western Europe was, by this time, Christian in name at the very le ast. Europeans had been making the arduous pilgrimage to Jerusalem for decades, and in some ways the early Crusades might be considered another form of pilgrimage. Personal penance and justification by faith were still quite strong issues of faith, and would remain so until at least the mid-fourteenth century (Flagellants during the Black Death being one example of this). Being a Crusader, not only fighting for Christ but also traveling to the Holy Land to do so, was therefore a religious duty, atonement for sin, and a Holy Quest, similar to that being written about in Early Medieval romances. In fact, it seems as though Urban did not intend to have such a dramatic effect upon the nobles of Europe: the impression is that "The pop was taken aback by the success of his proposal. No plan had been made for the prosecution of the crusade" (Bishop, 106). The organization of the First Crusade was rather like a mopping-up exercise, after the disastrous People's Crusade in 1096. Poor people such as this marched under their own steam to free Jerusalem, and rather than the idealism of the nobility, their motivations appear to be genuine religious concern for the Holy Land. It should be clear, therefore, that the overt motivation, religion, was also an emotional force for many of the participants in the first Crusades, Kings and princes, such as Richard I of England, who were not struggling to maintain a fief, were probably

Ethical Arguments on Surrogacy

Ethical Arguments on Surrogacy Leticia Villalba Surrogacy – A Great Option to Infertility In today’s society, women that are unable to become pregnant naturally due to infertility are resorting to surrogacy to have their children. With surrogacy being a complex process, it involves many different moral, ethical, and legal issues that are challenging the acceptance of this assisted reproductive treatment by society. However, surrogacy should only be viewed by society as a great option to infertility based on sound moral, ethical, and legal arguments. In effect, this view will help eliminate adverse criticism against the ones resorting to this reproductive alternative to create a family and also against the child later in life. Legislators should pass laws to help and protect the rights of surrogate mothers, intended parents and children. In order to fully understand the ethical, moral, and legal arguments surrounding surrogacy it is important to understand what surrogacy is. According to the Online Merriam-Webster dictionary, the definition of surrogacy is â€Å"the practice of serving as a surrogate mother† (Surrogacy) and to surrogate means â€Å"to put in the place of another† (Surrogate). These two definitions put together allow surrogacy to be better defined as a process whereby a woman bears and gives birth to a child that she will not raise but will give to the intended infertile couple. There are two types of surrogacy, traditional and gestational. In both types of surrogacy, the surrogate mother can either be a close friend, a family member, or from a surrogacy agency and the assisted reproductive technology (ART) method is used to assist with the surrogacy processes. With the traditional surrogacy process, the surrogate mother becomes pregnant by being artificially inseminated with the sperm of the intended father. As the sperm is inserted into her uterus, via a simple medical procedure, when her mature egg is released by the ovary she can conceive and later give birth to a child (ACOG Committee on Ethics). Traditional surrogacy was the only process available due to technological limitations when surrogacy was first introduced. But as technology has advanced in the reproductive field allowing fertilization to happen outside the womb, infertile couples are choosing gestational surrogacy over traditional. Legal issues are greater with traditional surrogacy as the surrogate mother and the baby has a genetic link. Mark Hansen, a senior writer for the journal at the American Bar Association (a professional organization composed of lawyers and law students committed to support the legal profession while improving the administration of justice) adds tha t many lawyers hesitate when thy have to work with traditional surrogacy and some won’t even consider such an arrangement (Hansen 56). Hansen is simply reiterating the fact that legal problems are more prone to happen with traditional surrogacy due to the biological connection the baby has with the surrogate mother. Gestational surrogacy (also referred to as commercial surrogacy) is a process in which the intended parents undergo an in-vitro fertilization and an embryo transfer treatment (Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine 1838). The intended mother is prescribed medication to start development of multiple egg follicles. Once these follicles reach maturity, mature eggs are retrieved from the intended mother’s ovaries procedurally to be later fertilized with the intended father’s sperm. When fertilization in-vitro (in an artificial environment) occurs, the embryo is then transferred to the gestational surrogate’s uterus (Ziskin). The gestational surrogate (also known as gestational carrier) will then carry the couples’ biological child until birth. This is a much more complex and expensive process, but it is mostly preferred by prospective parents due to the lack of genetic bond between baby and surrogate and the increased legal benefits . Provided this information, substantial issues for and against these surrogacy procedures have arisen. Many religious institutions, feminists, ethicists, and traditionalists oppose surrogacy on moral and ethical grounds. They justify this by stating that surrogacy is just another way to do business and profit off of women and infants becoming commodities to be bought and sold, a way of commercializing humans. But in the article â€Å"Consideration of The Gestational Carrier: A Committee Opinion† the ethics committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) argues that: Payment to the gestational carriers should take into account 9 months of possible illness, risks to employment, burden on other family members, and the like, but should not, however, create undue inducement or risks of exploitation or incentivize gestational carriers to lie about their own health conditions or family history. [Therefore] compensation for gestational carriers†¦ is ethical (Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine 1839). The ASRM’s ethics committee is emphasizing in their argument that commoditization of humans doesn’t happen as payments made to the gestational carriers are a mere compensation for all the hardship they might encounter during the process. Beside the opponents’ beliefs, infertile women, infertile couples, and liberalists who represent the majority of advocates for surrogate motherhood assert that surrogacy is a way to help childless couples have their biologically related children even though they would have to pay high costs for this fertility treatment. They feel that the payment required does not relate to the child’s worthiness but relates to the medical expenses incurred, as well as the emotional and physical burdens the surrogate mother experiences throughout the pregnancy. Moreover, some feminists compare surrogacy with prostitution, alleging that women are selling their bodies and their ability to procreate for money. However, Judith Sperling-Newton, the director of the American Academy of Assisted Reproductive Technology Attorneys argues that â€Å"the vast majority of women who choose to serve as surrogates are intelligent, well-educated and financially secure; they are caring individuals who want to help others in a unique and meaningful way† (Sperling-Newton). Respectively, women that agree to carry someone else’s baby are able to give to the childless couple the greatest gift of all, a child. Furthermore, the committee on ethics at the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists emphasize that â€Å"in the United States, the freedom to decide whether and when to conceive or bear a child is highly valued and protected† (ACOG Committee on Ethics 466). Therefore, the choice made by the intended parents on how they can have a child should be respected, as wells as the decision of the surrogate mothers to help barren couples. In addition to the moral and ethical issues there are also some legal issues. Helene S. Shapo, a professor of Law and the director of Legal Writing at the Northwestern University School of Law, writes that the lack of national legislation in the United States to regulate the practice of surrogacy has helped several states recognize surrogacy contracts, although current state legislations nullify them (Shapo 474). These contracts between the surrogate mothers and the intended parents are only for the purpose of establishing parental rights, payment terms, and specific conditions since they still are not enforceable by law. Rosemarie Tong, a distinguished professor of Health Care Ethics at the University of Carolina as well as a consultant to the National Advisory Board on Ethics and Reproduction, says that the â€Å"U.S. public will†¦ press federal and state authorities to pass clear legislation governing surrogacy† (Tong), to make sure the rights of couples, surrogates and the child are not abused or manipulated. As a matter of fact, advocates to surrogacy and opponents both agree that laws should be created in regards to surrogacy. However, some opponents want legislation to ban the existence of surrogacy altogether. They believe that human commoditization in the U.S. will be drastically reduced if surrogacy is banned (Tong). But Sudesh Kumar, an economist, a regulatory affairs consultant, and the author of â€Å"Surrogacy Can Be an Ethical Solution to Infertility†, argues that: In economics, a commodity is a unit that can substitute for another at all points, so each unit has no special intrinsic value. Thus, one cannot argue that the baby has become a commodity in surrogacy, as the baby is unique (Kumar). What Sudesh says simply explains that as the baby is the end product of the surrogacy process, that surrogacy should not viewed as human commoditization. Consequently, society should consider Sudesh’s analysis as it would help eliminate criticism against all the parties involved in this process. Not only the adults can suffer psychologically but also the child later in life if they don’t have any social support. In summary, traditional and gestational surrogacy are assisted reproductive treatments that can help infertile couples achieve their ultimate dream, which is to have children. But along the way, these couples may find themselves in big predicaments due to the complexity of moral, ethical, and legal dilemmas that were raised. These different aspects are now dividing society, however the pros can considerable overcome the cons of surrogacy. Like said by Mark Hansen, the author of â€Å"†¦ Baby Makes Litigation†, â€Å"Surrogacy†¦ can be a minefield. [But] done carefully and correctly, it is a wonderful thing† (qtd. In Hansen 55). Therefore, surrogacy is a great option to infertility. It helps barren couples experience the joys of parenthood regardless of the surrogacy process chosen. Legislators, advocates and opponents of surrogacy, must work together towards a greater compromise to aid the creation of legislations and thus minimize hardships to all parties inv olved. Works Cited ACOG Committee on Ethics. Surrogate Motherhood. ACOG Committe Opinion Number 397 (2008): 465-70. Web. 4 January 2014. Ethics Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. Consideration of the gestational carrier: a committee opinion. Fertility and Sterility June 2013: 1838-41. Print. Hansen, Mark. and Baby makes Litigation. ABA Journal (2011): 53-57. Print. Kumar, Sudesh. Surrogacy Can Be an Ethical Solution to Infertility. 13 May 2013. Oposing Viewpoints in Context. Ed. Medical Ethics. Grenhaven Press. Web. 6 January 2014. Shapo, Helene S. Assisted Reproduction and the Law: Disharmony on a Divisive Social Issue. Northwestern University Law Review (2006): 465-79. Print. Sperling-Newton, Judith. Surrogacy Should Be Regulated, Not Banned. 29 May 2013. Web. 6 January 2014. Surrogacy. Merriam-Webster.com (n.d.). Web. 6 January 2014. Surrogate. Merriam-Webster.com (n.d.). Web. 6 January 2014. Tong, Rosemarie. Surrogate Parenting. Ed. Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. n.d. Web. 6 January 2014. Ziskin, Dan. Arizona Center For Fertility Studies. n.d. Web. 6 January 2014.

Nathan Hawthorne :: Literary Analysis, Young Goodman Brown

In Nathan Hawthorne’s short story, â€Å"Young Goodman Brown,† the plot is carried through each stage of Freytag’s Pyramid. I will be discussing the rising action, climax, falling action, and discovery and reversal. I will explain why each of these sections are important to the reader. The complications begin as Goodman Brown walks out the door. The tensions between Goodman Browns own self and his wife Faith begin the rising action of the story. The first complication is between Goodman Brown and Faith. Goodman Brown has an errand, which, he never discloses to Faith or the reader. She asks him not to go, because she feels that something is wrong, he insists that he must leave her. I believe this undisclosed errand is to raise suspense for the reader. The next complication is as Goodman Brown turns away to leave. He is hesitant and starts to question his own judgments. He justifies his actions by forecasting that after this errand he will never leave Faiths side. The road he walks toward brings more tension. â€Å"The dreary road, darkened by all the gloomiest trees of the forest, which barely stood aside to let the narrow path creep through, and closed immediately behind,†(325). The description of the road brings suspense to the reader. He said â€Å"There may be a devilish Indian behind every tree,† (326) then he spots a figure of a man. Goodman Brown nervously follows the old man as they talk and walk down the road. Goodman Brown notices the old man’s staff â€Å"which bore the likeness of a great black snake,† (326). The man rushes Goodman Brown down the trail. Goodman Brown eventually stops and said â€Å"It is my purpose now to return whence I came,† (327). The devilish old man persistence to continue down this long darken trail rises suspense. It makes the reader wonder, what is so important? Does Goodman Brown run away or keep going? This brings the third complication. In the forest Goodman Brown sees Goody Cloyse once his spiritual advisor and teacher. The devilish old man throws down his staff and she disappears. This make Goodman Brown believe that she is a witch. He also sees Deacon Gookin and the Minister in the ominous forest. This brings a burden to Goodman Brown that he can hardly stand. These are supposed to be the three purest of the townspeople. Yet, he sees them in a place â€Å"where no church have ever been gathered or solitary Christian prayed,† (329).

Community Nursing Hat 1 Essay

   I chose as my community El Dorado County in the foothills of Northern California. I live in this community. We are a very healthy and active community with a large retirement group. I will go through the four assessments next. The Population Economic Status Assessment shows our population to be around 181,000. We are made up of 80% white Christian, with the next largest ethnic group being about 15% Mexican. The average household income is around $70,000 with 7.9% of people being at or below the poverty level. The Mexican population makes up the biggest percentage of the poor. El Dorado County’s median household income has been higher than the state average since 2000, indicating that its residents have more spending power than the average Californian (El Dorado Co). The unemployment rate is 11.8%. El Dorado County’s unemployment rate has been consistently lower than the California average since 1990. At any given time, there are 600+ homeless people in this community. Around 9000 people receive food stamps & another 3000 receive cash aid. On an average, we have much fewer people on public assistance than the national average. According to the information I gathered in the Cultural Assessment Tool, the population in this community has slightly more females than males which is very typical in these rural areas. There are 80% white people living here with about a 15% Mexican population (El Dorado Co). 27% of the populous are affiliated with a church, mostly Catholic Christian, compared to the 50% in the USA (Religions). About 85% of the people are covered by health insurance, which is very high compared to the rest of California. Cancer is the leading cause of death, with heart disease being second. The birth rate is 10.1 per 1000. County birth rates are consistently below average compared to the state, which is attributed to the higher senior population of the county (El Dorado Co). There is a high prevalence of drug and alcohol abuse in this community, related to poor or ineffective coping skills in the populous. There is a  real powerful stigma against the homeless community here, which really could benefit from some community teaching and outreach. The Neighborhood Community Safety Assessment shows that the air and water quality is very good in this community. Carbon monoxide levels are below the US average. They do usually have a few bad air days a year due to fires. There is some residual mercury left over from the mining days, but in low levels (El Dorado Co). During the winter snow, flooding and the cold pose health hazards. During the summer, fires are a hazard to public safety. However, there is excellent fire and police response here in this community. Many rivers and lakes in this community pose a risk for drowning; however, there are very few documented drowning’s here per year. There is quite a bit of poison oak & ivy here, and grass and hay fever irritants. Last, I will discuss the Disaster Assessment & Planning in this community. Through my research, I found that this community does follow federal guidelines for disaster management (OES). There is a County Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan that was adopted in 2007 (City of Placerville). This plan has four parts that cover administrative, an emergency operations center plan, a recovery plan, & plans specific to a type of emergency (terrorism, multi-casualty incidents, hazard mitigation plan, etc.). This plan meets needs for rescue, medical care, food, shelter, clothing, temporary housing, and employment should an emergency arise. This community also uses the CDC’s Public Health Emergency Response Guide for emergency preparedness & response. I found all this information on line, but it took considerable research and was not easy. In my research, I found that most residents in this community are not aware of any disaster preparedness plan, nor do they know where to find one. There needs to some community wide teaching on disaster preparedness, an d where to find information regarding this. The following is my community genogram and diagnosis. Community Diagnosis Within the parameters assessed above, El Dorado County California is a healthy community. The areas that need improvements are discovering a way to help people respond in healthy ways to painful life events other than drugs & alcohol, to create & implement a plan to help the homeless community, to educate the public regarding the causes and preventative  measures for Cancer & Coronary Artery Disease, and to educate the public regarding emergency & disaster preparedness through community outreach programs. Community Diagnosis Within the parameters assessed above, El Dorado County California is a healthy community. The areas that need improvements are discovering a way to help people respond in healthy ways to painful life events other than drugs & alcohol, to create & implement a plan to help the homeless community, to educate the public regarding the causes and preventative measures for Cancer & Coronary Artery Disease, and to educate the public regarding emergency & disaster preparedness through community outreach programs. El Dorado County, California hhhh El Dorado County, California hhhh Population Economic Status Located in Northern California Population 181,058 Mostly white Next largest ethnic group Mexican Median household income 70,000 7.9% households at or below poverty level 11.8% unemployment rate 600+ homeless 9,000 receive food stamps 3,000 families receive cash aid Population Economic Status Located in Northern California Population 181,058 Mostly white Next largest ethnic group Mexican Median household income 70,000 7.9% households at or below poverty level 11.8% unemployment rate 600+ homeless 9,000 receive food stamps 3,000 families receive cash aid Cultural Assessment Slightly more females than males Mostly white Christians Subcultures small Mexican & Asian Many know how to achieve good health-60% put forth effort 85% have health coverage Most know how & where to obtain medical care High prevalence of alcohol & drug abuse due to a variety of stressors Stigmas of homelessness Vast variety of outdoor recreational activities Cultural Assessment Slightly more females than males Mostly white Christians Subcultures small Mexican & Asian Many know how to achieve good health-60% put forth effort 85% have health coverage Most know how & where to obtain medical care High prevalence of alcohol & drug abuse due to a variety of stressors Stigmas of homelessness Vast variety of outdoor recreational activities Neighborhood/ Community Safety Health dept very involved in providing health services, education & information Very good air quality Very good water quality Potential for wildlife disease Vast amounts of rivers & lakes potential for drowning Severe weather events potential Potential for fires due to vast forestry Excellent fire & police response Domestic violence calls 10.5 per 1000 Neighborhood/ Community Safety Health dept very involved in providing health services, education & information Very good air quality Very good water quality Potential for wildlife disease Vast amounts of rivers & lakes potential for drowning Severe weather events potential Potential for fires due to vast forestry Excellent fire & police response Domestic violence calls 10.5 per 1000 Disaster Assessment/Planning El Dorado County Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan California Emergency Management Agency & Federal Emergency Management Agency preparedness plan Following federal guidelines Rescue, medical care, food, shelter, clothing Temporary housing, food stamps, employment Public Health Emergency Response Guide by CDC for emergency preparedness and response Most residents unaware of any plan Disaster plan not readily available or easily found Disaster Assessment/Planning El Dorado County Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan California Emergency Management Agency & Federal Emergency Management Agency preparedness plan Following federal guidelines Rescue, medical care, food, shelter, clothing Temporary housing, food stamps, employment Public Health Emergency Response Guide by CDC for emergency preparedness and response Most residents unaware of any plan Disaster plan not readily available or easily found The community genogram shows a relatively healthy mostly white community. As a whole, the people here make a good living, with unemployment below the national average. A small percentage receives food stamps and public cash benefits, also below the national average. Most people have health coverage, and about 60% of the population is proactive with their health. The leading causes of death are cancer and then cardiac disease occurring in the high 80’s of age, due to the large retirement population. The public health department is very involved in providing health services here (CDHP). The air and water quality is good here, with pollution below the national average. There is some potential for bad weather and fires, however, our fire and police response are excellent here. There is a good disaster preparedness plan, however, it is difficult to find, and few know about it. There is a high incidence of alcohol and drug use here, with poor and inadequate coping skills to handle d ifficult life events. The homeless population is really looked down upon here. Within the parameters assessed above, El Dorado County is a healthy community. The areas that need improvement are discovering a way to help people respond in healthy ways to painful life events other than drugs & alcohol, to create & implement a plan to help the homeless community, to educate the public regarding the causes and preventative measures for Cancer & Coronary Artery Disease, and to educate the public regarding emergency & disaster preparedness through community outreach programs. Bibliography CDHP. Retrieved from http://www.cdph.ca.gov/programs/Pages/HealthyCommunityIndicators.aspx City of Placerville. Retrieved from http://www.cityofplacerville.org/ El Dorado County Economic and Demographic Profile. Retrieved from http://www.eldoradocounty.org/ Office of Emergency Services (OES). Retrieved from http://www.edcgov.us/Government/Sheriff/Divisions/Support/Office_of_Emergency_Services_

Bubble-ology essays

Bubble-ology essays Purpose: Which soap can make the biggest bubble? Hypothesis: If we use dawn soap and blow a bubble then it will be the biggest one out of all the soap. 3 different brands of dish washing soap- A, B, C 1. Mix 5ml soap solution A, 50ml of distilled water and 1 drop of glycerin into a 250ml beaker. Mix with a stirring rod. 2. Pour some but not all the soap solution on your lab table and use your hands to rub the soap on the table about 40 cm in diameter. 3. Take a straw and touch a small bubble on the surface and blow into the straw until the bubble pops. 4. With the tape measure the diameter of the ring that was left by the soap bubble. Record the diameter in cm on data sheet. 5. Repeat until you have done 3 trials. 6. Repeat the process for soap solution B and C. Repeat steps 1-5. 1. State what you think is the scientific problem being investigated in lab. The scientific problem being investigated in this lab I think is which soap can make the biggest bubble. 2. According to the data, which soap brand made the largest average bubble? Were your predictions correct? In my data it showed that the Ivory soap brand made the largest average bubble. My predictions were incorrect. 3. What conclusions can you make about the price of the soap and the size of the bubbles? What is the basis for your conclusions? Is there any correlation? I dont know how much each soap brand cost but I think that the more expensive the more larger the bubbles will be because the companies probably spend more money for ...

16 Sweet Quotes About First Love

16 Sweet Quotes About First Love The first brush of love is a delicious feeling. You feel fresh energy surging in your body, and you become constantly aware of your own appearance, attitude, and behavior. The effect of new love may last for the courtship period, where both partners put their best foot forward. You enjoy the romantic overtures, the subtle body language, and the anticipation of passionate love. You could fall in love many times during the course of a lifetime, but the first rush of love always holds a special place in our hearts. The novelty of the feeling, like the first drops of dew on an untouched leaf, makes it special and unforgettable. These first love quotes develop on the theme of this treasured rush called first love. George Bernard Shaw First love is a little foolish and a lot of curiosity. Branislav Nusic First love is dangerous only when it is also the last. Rosemary Rogers First romance, first love, is something so special to all of us, both emotionally and physically, that it touches our lives and enriches them forever. Benjamin Disraeli The magic of first love is our ignorance that it can never end. Thomas Moore No, theres nothing half so sweet in life as loves young dream. Alfred Lord Tennyson In the spring a livelier iris changes on the burnished dove;In the spring a young mans fancy lightly turns to thoughts of love. Leo Buscaglia Love is always bestowed as a gift - freely, willingly, and without expectation... We dont love to be loved; we love to love. Blaise Pascal We conceal it from ourselves in vain: we must always love something. In those matters seemingly removed from love, the feeling is secretly to be found, and man cannot possibly live for a moment without it. Nietzsche Love is the state in which man sees things; most widely different from what they are. William Shakespeare As sweet and musicalAs bright Apollos lute, strung with his hair;And when Love speaks, the voice of all the godsMakes heaven drowsy with the harmony. Lady Murasaki The memories of long love gather like drifting snow, poignant as the mandarin ducks who float side by side in sleep. Leo Buscaglia The heart is the place where we live our passions. It is frail and easily broken, but wonderfully resilient. There is no point in trying to deceive the heart. It depends upon our honesty for its survival. Richard Garnett Sweet are the words of love, sweeter his thoughts:Sweetest of all what love nor says nor thinks. Bayard Taylor The loving are the daring. Francois Mauriac No love, no friendship, can cross the path of our destiny without leaving some mark on it forever. Alexander Smith ï » ¿Love is but the discovery of ourselves in others, and the delight in the recognition. Rekindle the Romance in Your Relationship First love is not just for first-time lovers. You can even feel the magic with your spouse. Some  couples  have claimed that every time they stay apart for a while, their reunion is as if they just met on a first date. Some  married couples  renew their  marriage  vows to rekindle the old flame. Have you felt the same way about your partner? If you havent, you need to rekindle the  romance and walk down memory lane. Visit romantic cities like Paris or Rome, and  fall in love  in the presence of the gods of love.

Ford motor company Form 10-K review Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Ford motor company Form 10-K review - Essay Example The paper involves the requirements of the types of segments to be reported on the annual financial statements.This Statement needs that a public business enterprise to give a detailed report on the measure of the segment profit or loss, specific expense items and revenue, and the segment assets. The statement also requires the reconciliations of the entire total segment assets, segment revenues, total segment profit or loss, and additional amounts disclosed for the segments to which correspond to the amounts in the entire company’s financial statements. The statement also require that public company’s give a descriptive report on the information concerning the revenues resulting from the company’s products, services etc. , about countries where the enterprise do earn revenues and also possess assets, and the statement also require a list of major customers.

Human Resources Hiring Trends in USA for 2015 Article

Human Resources Hiring Trends in USA for 2015 - Article Example r the most popular jobs are software and application developers, engineers of computer systems, marketing managers, administrators of computer systems and network and project managers of information technology (Columbus, 2015). The minimum qualifications for the jobs in the healthcare sector includes at least undergraduate degree while progress is much faster for those with a masters’ degree and it is essential for them to obtain practicing license from relevant associations. In case of Information technology sector minimum qualification required is a bachelors’ degree in the relevant area. The pharmacists and the podiatrists are paid at an average of more than $116k, the physical therapy providers as well as dental hygiene providers are paid at an average of more than $70k and audiologist is paid at an average of $69k. In case of jobs belonging to the information technology sector the average salaries paid to these professionals is $90 to $100k on annual basis (Columbus, 2015). Professionals working in the information technology sector have better opportunities in the states of San Jose, California, Santa Clara, Washington as well as Oakland. In case of healthcare sector, the best states are Maine, New York and West Virginia (SEIU.org, 2015). Columbus, L. (2015). Five Catalysts Accelerating Cloud ERP Growth In 2015. [online] Forbes. Available at: http://www.forbes.com/sites/louiscolumbus/2015/01/27/five-catalysts-accelerating-cloud-erp-growth-in-2015/ [Accessed 5 Feb.